So, you’re looking for an energy-efficient, environmentally friendly energy system, and you’ve come across geothermal heat pumps. Due to their many benefits, geothermal heat pumps have become increasingly popular with homeowners.
But is it really as good as it seems? Keep reading to learn more about geothermal energy systems, including an unbiased review of their benefits and drawbacks as a home energy solution.
What are Geothermal Energy Systems?
A geothermal heating and cooling system uses stable temperatures underground to keep homes warm or cool as needed. Often referred to as geothermal heat pumps, these systems use a looping piping system. The air handling system transfers air throughout, the groundwater heat exchanger takes heat from the ground, or transfers heat back into the ground, and the loop moves the heat throughout the pump.
The Pros of Geothermal Heat Pumps
There are many benefits to a geothermal heat pump, including:
1. Reliable Source of Power
Often, the “newer” sources of energy can come with some instability. For example, while solar and wind energy are both environmentally friendly and great options, they’re not considered 100% reliable as they require very specific conditions.
In comparison, geothermal energy is incredibly dependable and predictable. The earth’s temperature remains fairly constant, so it’s easy to get the output needed whether it’s morning, night, summer, or winter.
2. An Environmentally Friendly Option
A geothermal energy system is a much better choice for the earth compared to boilers and furnaces. If you value being environmentally friendly, rest assured that geothermal energy is currently thought to be the greenest power source available today.
This system requires no combustion, making it emission-free. While geothermal heat pumps do require some electricity to function, solar panels can be used to reduce your carbon footprint even further.
3. Appropriate Choice for Small or Large-Scale Homes
Some people mistakenly think geothermal pumps are only for massive plants or large commercial buildings. In reality, a geothermal energy system can be used even for a small home; you’ll just have a smaller setup!
4. Longevity and Return on Investment
Geothermal heat pumps have one of the longest lifespans of the possible HVAC energy systems on the market. According to the US Department of Energy, a geothermal heat pump system will last an average of 20 years for the pump and 25 to 50 years for the underground infrastructure.
The US Department of Energy also estimates that you can recoup your initial investment with your energy savings within the first 5 to 10 years.
5. Low Maintenance Requirements
Keeping up with regular maintenance is an essential part of ensuring your HVAC systems last as long as possible. The good news is that geothermal energy systems have only a few moving parts compared to traditional heat pumps. Minimal parts mean repairs are needed less often. Overall, as most geothermal systems are stationary and underground, maintenance is minimal.
6. Energy Efficiency
Geothermal systems don’t have to work as hard as other energy systems because they have a regular supply of stable energy from underground to pull from. As a result, homeowners can expect to see a significant difference in their energy consumption and utility bills. On average, homeowners will see between 30-70% savings on heating and 25-50% on cooling.
The Cons of Geothermal Heat Pumps
Of course, no energy system is perfect, and that includes geothermal heat pumps. Some of the downsides of this type of system are:
1. High Initial Costs
There’s no denying that a geothermal energy system has high upfront costs.
Some individuals may qualify for green energy rebates from federal, state, and local governments, but the final cost for equipment and installation will likely still be between $10,000 and $20,000.
However, as mentioned above, you could see a return on your investment in 5 to 10 years based on your energy savings!
2. May Require Landscape Alterations
When you install a geothermal heat pump, you’ll likely have to make many above-ground landscape alterations. Depending on the type of loop setup you have (horizontal versus vertical), you may need to dig a trench or bring heavy machinery onto your property. Either way, your landscape will likely be impacted as you make room for your new energy system.
For this reason, many people suggest investing in a geothermal energy system when building a new home or when a house is going through renovations.
3. Requires Geothermal Experts for Installation
While geothermal heat pumps are becoming more popular, your average HVAC technician might not know how to work on them. This means when you want to install, inspect, and repair your system, you must first find technicians in your area skilled in geothermal heat pumps. As these systems are a heavy investment, hiring someone with the right experience and skills is an absolute necessity.
Is a Geothermal Energy System Right For You?
A geothermal heat pump isn’t the right choice for everyone. As outlined above, there are some clear benefits, but there are also drawbacks.
The best candidate for a geothermal energy system is someone who can afford the upfront cost, values energy efficiency, and is willing to undergo the upheaval of installing the loop setup.
If this sounds like you, then remember that the geothermal energy system will likely pay itself off within just a handful of years. Additionally, it can increase your property value. So, for those who have the budget, desire, and patience to do it, this system can be the HVAC solution of your dreams.
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